Magnetic material and its properties

Magneticmaterial and its properties

》It is a common characteristics of materials . Magnetic properties of a material involve concept based on the magtnetic dipole moment . Soke of the material have the ability to create internal dipole moment . for this reason this kind of material present cpecial type of properties.

• Attracting other magnetic material.
• Inducing pole in this material.
• The polarity of teo pole are opposite
• When magnetizing occuring then some parameter of material is changed ( current I, Magnetic flux)

☆Magnetic moment :

• A vector quantity associated with the magnetic properties of electric current loops or, more generally magnets . It is equal to the amount of current flowing through the loop multiplied by the area encomlossed  by the loop, and its direction is established by the Right hand rule for rotations

☆Magnetic field or intensity ☆

• A field of force associated with changing electric fields, as when electric charge are in motion . Magnetic field exert defective force on moving electric charges.
• Most magnet have magnetic field as a result of the spinning motion of the electrons orbiting the atoms of which they are composed.
electromagnet create such field from electric current moving through coils

   ☆Magnetic Susceptibility ☆

• In electromagnetisim the magnetic susceptibility Xm is demensionless proportionally constant that indicate degree of magnetization of a material in responsee to an applied magnetic field

M=xH

                 ☆Hystersis☆

• In addition to the curie temperature and saturation magnetization ferromagnetism can retain a memory of an applied field once it is removed
 this behaviour is called Hystersis and a plot of the variation of magnetization with magnetic field is called hystersis loop

              ☆Curie Temperature☆

• Even though electronic exchange  force  in ferromagnets are very large , thermal energy eventually overcome the exchange and produce a rendomizing effect . This occur at a particular temperature called curie temperature Tc . Below the curie temperature the ferromagnet is ordered and above it, disordered. The saturation magnetization goes to zero at the curie temp. A typical plot of magnetization vs temp. for magnetic is shown below